Demystifying Auto-Zero Amplifiers—2:They essentially eliminate offset, drift, and 1/f noise. Here are some design ideas. by Eric Nolan and Reza Moghimi Part 1 of this two-part article explains how auto-zero amplifiers work and identifies their important characteristics. As promised, this installment will discuss a few application ideas that are particularly well suited to auto-zero amplifiers Applying auto-zero amplifiers really is not much different from applying any operational amplifier. Most new designs have the same pinout and functionality as any other amplifier. DC closedloop gain is set by resistors in the same manner; functions such as filtering, integration, and the like can be done in the same way. In most applications, the principal accommodation will be limiting the bandwidth to exclude the chopping noise and IMD artifacts from the passband. For auto-zero amplifiers with fixed-chopper frequency, this generally limits their application to dc or lowfrequency signals below 1 or 2 kHz. PRECISION CURRENT SHUNTS A precision shunt current sensor benefits by some of the unique attributes of auto-zero amplifiers used in a differencing configuration (Figure 1). Shunt current sensors are used in precision current sources for feedback control systems. They are also used in a variety of other applications, including battery fuel gauging, torque feedback controls in electric power steering and precision power metering.
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