S-ParametersSheet 1 of 11S-PARAMETERS Scattering MatrixV1iV2iI1I2V1V1rZ01Z02V2V2rt1Input T.L L1=0 V1 = V1i + V1rReference planest2Output T.L L2=0 V2 = V2i + V2rDefine normalised voltages a1 =Note Using normalised voltages ≡ making the characteristic impedances =1V1i Z 01 V1r Z 01 V2i Z 01 V2r Z 01a2b1 = a2 = b2 =a1b1b2t1Outgoing voltage waves ∝ ingoing voltage waves .t2b1 = S11 . a1 + S12 . a2 b2 = S 21 . a1 + S 22 . a2 S11 S12 a1 b1 b2 = S21 S22 a2 Scattering MatrixSheet 2 of 11Measurement of S11 & S12 (1) Apply input to Port 1 , terminate at Port 2 with a Matched Load ∴a2 = 0.∴ S11 =b1 = reflection coefficient at Port 1 (matched load at Port 2). a1 a2=0 b2 = Voltage transfer ratio Port 1 to Port 2 (matched load at Port 2). a1 ……
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