When a proton is placed in an external magnetic field, its magnetic moment will attempt to align with the magnetic field. It will fail to completely align due to thermal motion and the spin angular momentum which causes the magnetic moment to precess, or spin, around the magnetic field. If that external magnetic field is then suddenly turned off, the proton will start to precess around the only other magnetic field available: the Earth’s. This precession towards alignment with the Earth’s magnetic field can be measured and used to calculate the Spin Relaxation Time (T2). The T2 value is a time constant with which “the magnetization and signal decay towards zero.” [1](see figure 1.1) This time constant will change if other materials are brought near the sample, and this change can tell us about the magnetization of the other materials.
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